During the 2016 International Training Program on the Island of Hawaiʻi, a USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientist (center, white shirt) demonstrated how to use Global Positioning System (GPS) equipment to measure precise locations of points on Earth’s surface. Such information can be used to track unrest at volcanoes around the world and helps scientists to better forecast hazardous volcanic activity. Photo courtesy of UHH Center for the Study of Active Volcanoes.

(Volcano Watch is a weekly article written by scientists at the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.)

In 1902, visionary geologist Thomas Jaggar—founder of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory—traveled to the Caribbean Island of Martinique, where he witnessed first-hand the aftermath of the deadly Mount Pelee eruption. More than 30,000 people had been killed by the eruption, and the devastation he observed contributed to Jaggar’s lifelong work to “protect life and property on the basis of sound scientific achievement.”

Today, more than 800 million people—ten percent of the world’s population—live within 100 km (62 mi) of active, potentially deadly volcanoes. In the last four centuries, nearly 280,000 people have been killed by volcanic activity, according to a recent book commissioned by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction for the 2015 Global Assessment Report.

Despite this, many nations around the world lack resources to properly train and grow teams of experts in volcano monitoring, eruption response, and hazard assessment—key skills required to help societies prosper in volcanically active areas.

Since 1990, the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo’s Center for the Study of Active Volcanoes, the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, and the USGS/U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Volcano Disaster Assistance Program have sponsored an annual 8-week-long International Training Program in the United States to help address this global skill gap.

The Island of Hawaiʻi is a perfect location to host the class, as our volcanoes are accessible, active, and home to some of the world’s experts in volcano monitoring.

The course brings together scientists and technicians from around the globe to learn about and practice volcano monitoring, eruption forecasting, hazard communication, and other critical topics shared by leading volcano science professionals. This year, a dozen scientists from China, South Korea, Indonesia, the Philippines, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Peru, and Chile participated in classes and fieldwork at KÄ«lauea and elsewhere on the island.

The training curriculum spans the gamut, from theory to practice, and includes spectroscopic methods of measuring volcanic gas, satellite remote sensing, how to install and maintain seismometers and solar panels, and more. Students and instructors spend time in the classroom, at computers, in labs, and in the field, including experience working on/around Kīlauea Volcano’s active lava flow.

After their time in Hawaiʻi, class participants move on to the Pacific Northwest, where they are hosted by the USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory. Their focus of learning there turns to explosive stratovolcanoes, like Mount St. Helens and Mount Hood, which are similar to the volcanoes of most concern in their home countries.

All told, after 26 years and more than 200 students completing the curricula, organizers, instructors, and participants agree that the training does contribute to lessening volcanic risk throughout the world. And, in addition to practical skills, course participants make lifelong friendships and develop professional relationships with kindred spirits. Such networking can pay great dividends when volcanoes become restless and help from afar might be needed.

Although the training does leave time for learning about local foods, culture, and recreational opportunities (surfing is one of the popular after-class activities in Hawai‘i), the course is serious business. In some of the participants’ home countries, many tens of thousands of people live in the shadows of dangerous and under-monitored volcanoes. Imagine the responsibility felt by these international students upon returning home with their new skills and knowledge.

Volcanology is a fast-changing, international science with an increasing number of professionals dedicated to understanding how volcanoes work. HVO is pleased to be part of a valuable training program dedicated to saving lives. Hopefully, Thomas Jaggar would be proud.

For more information on the course, please see: http://hilo.hawaii.edu/~csav/international/. For more information about the USGS/USAID Volcano Disaster Assistance Program, please see: http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/vdap/